When industrial products are electroplating, phosphating, spraying, welding, packaging and assembly of integrated circuits, in order to ensure the quality of the workpiece in the next process, it is necessary to remove grease, dust, rust or residual solvents and adhesives on the surface of the product. and other dirt. Due to environmental pollution and poor protection, many cultural relics and works of art are gradually being corroded and stained. In order to restore the old appearance, it is necessary to clean the dirt and rust on the surface of cultural relics.

Traditional cleaning methods include mechanical cleaning, chemical cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning. Mechanical cleaning uses scraping, wiping, brushing, sandblasting and other mechanical means to remove surface dirt; wet chemical cleaning uses organic cleaning Spraying, showering, soaking or high-frequency vibration and other measures to remove the surface adhering property ultrasonic cleaning method is to put the processed parts into the cleaning agent, and use the vibration effect generated by ultrasonic waves to remove the dirt.

The mechanical cleaning method cannot meet the requirements of high cleanliness cleaning, and it is easy to damage the surface area of the workpiece to be cleaned, while the chemical cleaning method is easy to cause environmental pollution, and the cleanliness obtained is also very limited, especially when the dirt composition is complex, it is necessary to choose a variety of cleaning agents repeatedly. Only cleaning can meet the requirements of surface cleanliness.

Although the ultrasonic cleaning method has a good cleaning effect, it is powerless to clean the sub-micron dirt particles. The size of the cleaning tank limits the scope and complexity of the processed parts, and the drying of the workpiece after cleaning is also a big problem.

In recent years, with the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection, it has brought huge challenges to the development of the cleaning industry around the world. Various cleaning technologies that are conducive to environmental protection have emerged as the times require, and laser cleaning technology is one of them.

The so-called laser cleaning technology refers to the use of high-energy laser beams to irradiate the surface of the workpiece to instantly evaporate or peel off the dirt, rust spots or coatings on the surface, and effectively remove the surface attachments or surface coatings of the cleaning object at high speed, so as to achieve a clean process.It is a new technology based on the interaction effect of laser and matter. Compared with traditional cleaning methods such as traditional mechanical cleaning method, chemical corrosion cleaning, liquid solid strong impact cleaning, and high-frequency ultrasonic cleaning, it has obvious advantages. It is efficient, fast, and low in cost. The thermal load and mechanical load on the substrate are small, and cleaning is non-damaging. The waste is recyclable, safe and reliable without environmental pollutants, and does not damage the health of operators. The cleaning process is easy to realize automatic control, and can Realize long-distance remote control cleaning, etc.

Principle and method of laser cleaning machine

Lasers are characterized by high directivity, monochromaticity, high coherence and high brightness. Through the focusing and Q-switching of the lens, the energy can be concentrated into a small spatial and temporal range. In the laser cleaning process, the following characteristics of the laser are mainly used:

1. The laser can achieve a high concentration of energy in time and space, and the focused laser beam can generate a high temperature of several thousand degrees or even tens of thousands of degrees near the focus, causing the dirt to evaporate, vaporize or decompose instantly.

2. The divergence angle of the laser beam is small and the directionality is good. The laser beam can be collected into different diameters of light spots through the light-condensing system. Under the condition of the same laser energy, controlling the laser beam spots of different diameters can adjust the energy density of the laser and make the dirt expand by heat. When the expansion force of the dirt is greater than the adsorption force of the dirt on the substrate, the dirt will be separated from the surface of the object.

3. The laser beam can generate mechanical resonance by generating ultrasonic waves on the solid surface, so that the dirt can be broken and fallen off.

Laser cleaning technology has great advantages over traditional cleaning technology, and can bring great benefits to the society in terms of economic benefits and "green" projects, and the market prospect is quite broad. However, our country's research in this area is still not enough. If we can use our existing laser technology to develop supporting laser cleaning equipment, and put it into production, it is completely possible to achieve industrialization. As the cost of lasers decreases, laser cleaning technology will gradually become popular, which is also of great significance to promoting the development of high-tech industries.